Issues

Tumor rejection site in a mouse previously vaccinated with B16 melanoma cells transduced with GM-CSF and later challenged with wild-type B16 cells. The figure shows a mixed infiltrate consisting of lymphocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils amongst the melanoma cells. The authors demonstrate that antitumor immunity induced by vaccination with GM-CSF is dependent upon both Th1 and Th2 cytokines. As a result, lymphocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils are all recruited to effect maximal tumor destruction. See related article in this issue by Hung et al., pp. 2357–2368.